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creative success

  • 1 Creative Academic Resources For Educational Success

    Education: CARES

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > Creative Academic Resources For Educational Success

  • 2 успех

    success; (достижение) achievement; (прогресс) progress, advancement, advance

    делать успехи — to make progress, to advance, to gain ground

    добиться успеха — to achieve / to climb to success

    увенчаться успехом — to be crowned with success, to succeed

    бесспорный / неоспоримый успех — unchallenged triumph

    значительный успех — substantial advance, considerable achievements

    крупный успех — great / huge success

    относительный успех — comparative / fair success

    умеренный успех — modest success / progress

    шумный успех — sensational / tremendous success

    Russian-english dctionary of diplomacy > успех

  • 3 cumbre

    adj.
    1 summit.
    2 peak, pinnacle (punto culminante).
    3 summit (conference) (politics).
    f.
    summit, peak, hilltop, acme.
    * * *
    1 (de montaña) summit, top
    3 (reunión) summit conference, summit meeting
    * * *
    noun f.
    height, peak, summit, top
    * * *
    1.
    SF (Geog) summit, top; (fig) top, height

    conferencia en la cumbre — (Pol) summit, summit conference

    2.
    ADJ INV
    * * *
    1)
    a) ( de montaña) top
    b) ( apogeo) height
    2) (Pol) summit (meeting)
    3) (como adj inv)

    el momento cumbre — ( de carrera) the peak; (de película, novela) the high point

    * * *
    = pinnacle, summit, peak, crest.
    Ex. There are, it is assumed, 'high' and 'low' forms of culture, especially in the field of the creative arts which are conceived of as somehow the pinnacle and foremost end of human life.
    Ex. The article is entitled 'Getting to the summit: how do you get there from here? A climber's guide to consortium formation'.
    Ex. Rob's death came as he neared the culmination of a personal quest to climb the highest peaks on each of the seven continents.
    Ex. In the crest of the timeworn Black Mountains lies the summit of Mount Mitchell, the highest point east of the Mississippi.
    ----
    * alcanzar el momento cumbre = reach + summit.
    * alcanzar la cumbre de = reach + the pinnacle of, reach + the height of.
    * cumbre de la colina = hilltop.
    * cumbre de la fama, la = pinnacle of renown, the, pinnacle of fame, the.
    * cumbre del éxito, la = pinnacle of success, the.
    * Cumbre Iberoamericana, la = Ibero-American Summit, the.
    * Cumbre Mundial sobre la Sociedad de la Información = World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS).
    * en la cumbre = at the top of the tree.
    * en la cumbre de = at the height of.
    * reunión cumbre = summit.
    * * *
    1)
    a) ( de montaña) top
    b) ( apogeo) height
    2) (Pol) summit (meeting)
    3) (como adj inv)

    el momento cumbre — ( de carrera) the peak; (de película, novela) the high point

    * * *
    = pinnacle, summit, peak, crest.

    Ex: There are, it is assumed, 'high' and 'low' forms of culture, especially in the field of the creative arts which are conceived of as somehow the pinnacle and foremost end of human life.

    Ex: The article is entitled 'Getting to the summit: how do you get there from here? A climber's guide to consortium formation'.
    Ex: Rob's death came as he neared the culmination of a personal quest to climb the highest peaks on each of the seven continents.
    Ex: In the crest of the timeworn Black Mountains lies the summit of Mount Mitchell, the highest point east of the Mississippi.
    * alcanzar el momento cumbre = reach + summit.
    * alcanzar la cumbre de = reach + the pinnacle of, reach + the height of.
    * cumbre de la colina = hilltop.
    * cumbre de la fama, la = pinnacle of renown, the, pinnacle of fame, the.
    * cumbre del éxito, la = pinnacle of success, the.
    * Cumbre Iberoamericana, la = Ibero-American Summit, the.
    * Cumbre Mundial sobre la Sociedad de la Información = World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS).
    * en la cumbre = at the top of the tree.
    * en la cumbre de = at the height of.
    * reunión cumbre = summit.

    * * *
    A
    las cumbres coronadas de nieve the snow-capped peaks o mountain tops
    alcanzaron la cumbre they reached the summit o the top
    2 (apogeo) height
    estaba en la cumbre del éxito he was at the pinnacle o height of his success
    B ( Pol) summit, summit meeting reunión
    su novela cumbre his most outstanding o important novel
    el momento cumbre de su carrera the peak o the high point of her career
    * * *

     

    cumbre sustantivo femenino

    b) ( apogeo) height;



    cumbre sustantivo femenino
    1 (de un monte) summit, peak
    2 figurado (culminación) pinnacle, peak
    en la cumbre de su carrera, at the peak of his career
    3 (de gobernantes) summit (conference)
    ' cumbre' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    cresta
    - elevarse
    - ganar
    - inaccesible
    - llegar
    English:
    apex
    - height
    - peak
    - summit
    - zenith
    - hill
    - mountaintop
    - pinnacle
    - top
    - within
    * * *
    ♦ adj inv
    el momento cumbre de su carrera the peak o high point of his career;
    su obra cumbre her most outstanding work
    ♦ nf
    1. [de montaña] summit
    2. [punto culminante] peak, high point
    3. [política] summit (conference)
    la Cumbre de la Tierra the Earth Summit
    * * *
    f tb
    POL summit;
    cumbre de la economía mundial world economic summit
    * * *
    cumbre nf
    cima: top, peak, summit
    * * *
    1. (de montaña) summit / top
    2. (culminación) high point

    Spanish-English dictionary > cumbre

  • 4 БИБЛИОГРАФИЯ

    Мы приняли следующие сокращения для наиболее часто упоминаемых книг и журналов:
    IJP - International Journal of Psycho-analysis
    JAPA - Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association
    SE - Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud, ed. James Strachey (London: Hogarth Press and the Institute of Psycho-Analysis, 1953—74.)
    PSOC - Psychoanalytic Study of the Child (New Haven: Yale University Press)
    PQ - Psychoanalytic Quarterly
    WAF - The Writings of Anna Freud, ed. Anna Freud (New York: International Universities Press, 1966—74)
    PMC - Psychoanalysis The Major Concepts ed. Burness E. Moore and Bernard D. Fine (New Haven: Yale University Press)
    \
    О словаре: _about - Psychoanalytic Terms and Concepts
    \
    1. Abend, S. M. Identity. PMC. Forthcoming.
    2. Abend, S. M. (1974) Problems of identity. PQ, 43.
    3. Abend, S. M., Porder, M. S. & Willick, M. S. (1983) Borderline Patients. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    4. Abraham, K. (1916) The first pregenital stage of libido. Selected Papers. London, Hogarth Press, 1948.
    5. Abraham, K. (1917) Ejaculatio praecox. In: selected Papers. New York Basic Books.
    6. Abraham, K. (1921) Contributions to the theory of the anal character. Selected Papers. New York: Basic Books, 1953.
    7. Abraham, K. (1924) A Short study of the development of the libido, viewed in the light of mental disorders. In: Selected Papers. London: Hogarth Press, 1927.
    8. Abraham, K. (1924) Manic-depressive states and the pre-genital levels of the libido. In: Selected Papers. London: Hogarth Press, 1949.
    9. Abraham, K. (1924) Selected Papers. London: Hogarth Press, 1948.
    10. Abraham, K. (1924) The influence of oral erotism on character formation. Ibid.
    11. Abraham, K. (1925) The history of an impostor in the light of psychoanalytic knowledge. In: Clinical Papers and Essays on Psychoanalysis. New York: Basic Books, 1955, vol. 2.
    12. Abrams, S. (1971) The psychoanalytic unconsciousness. In: The Unconscious Today, ed. M. Kanzer. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    13. Abrams, S. (1981) Insight. PSOC, 36.
    14. Abse, D W. (1985) The depressive character In Depressive States and their Treatment, ed. V. Volkan New York: Jason Aronson.
    15. Abse, D. W. (1985) Hysteria and Related Mental Disorders. Bristol: John Wright.
    16. Ackner, B. (1954) Depersonalization. J. Ment. Sci., 100.
    17. Adler, A. (1924) Individual Psychology. New York: Harcourt, Brace.
    18. Akhtar, S. (1984) The syndrome of identity diffusion. Amer. J. Psychiat., 141.
    19. Alexander, F. (1950) Psychosomatic Medicine. New York: Norton.
    20. Allen, D. W. (1974) The Feat- of Looking. Charlottesvill, Va: Univ. Press of Virginia.
    21. Allen, D. W. (1980) Psychoanalytic treatment of the exhibitionist. In: Exhibitionist, Description, Assessment, and Treatment, ed. D. Cox. New York: Garland STPM Press.
    22. Allport, G. (1937) Personality. New York: Henry Holt.
    23. Almansi, R. J. (1960) The face-breast equation. JAPA, 6.
    24. Almansi, R. J. (1979) Scopophilia and object loss. PQ, 47.
    25. Altman, L. Z. (1969) The Dream in Psychoanalysis. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    26. Altman, L. Z. (1977) Some vicissitudes of love. JAPA, 25.
    27. American Psychiatric Association. (1987) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 3d ed. revised. Washington, D. C.
    28. Ansbacher, Z. & Ansbacher, R. (1956) The Individual Psychology of Alfred Adler. New York: Basic Books.
    29. Anthony, E. J. (1981) Shame, guilt, and the feminine self in psychoanalysis. In: Object and Self, ed. S. Tuttman, C. Kaye & M. Zimmerman. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    30. Arlow. J. A. (1953) Masturbation and symptom formation. JAPA, 1.
    31. Arlow. J. A. (1959) The structure of the deja vu experience. JAPA, 7.
    32. Arlow. J. A. (1961) Ego psychology and the study of mythology. JAPA, 9.
    33. Arlow. J. A. (1963) Conflict, regression and symptom formation. IJP, 44.
    34. Arlow. J. A. (1966) Depersonalization and derealization. In: Psychoanalysis: A General Psychology, ed. R. M. Loewenstein, L. M. Newman, M. Schur & A. J. Solnit. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    35. Arlow. J. A. (1969) Fantasy, memory and reality testing. PQ, 38.
    36. Arlow. J. A. (1969) Unconscious fantasy and disturbances of mental experience. PQ, 38.
    37. Arlow. J. A. (1970) The psychopathology of the psychoses. IJP, 51.
    38. Arlow. J. A. (1975) The structural hypothesis. PQ, 44.
    39. Arlow. J. A. (1977) Affects and the psychoanalytic situation. IJP, 58.
    40. Arlow. J. A. (1979) Metaphor and the psychoanalytic situation. PQ, 48.
    41. Arlow. J. A. (1979) The genesis of interpretation. JAPA, 27 (suppl.).
    42. Arlow. J. A. (1982) Problems of the superego concept. PSOC, 37.
    43. Arlow. J. A. (1984) Disturbances of the sense of time. PQ, 53.
    44. Arlow. J. A. (1985) Some technical problems of countertransference. PQ, 54.
    45. Arlow, J. A. & Brenner, C. (1963) Psychoanalytic Concepts and the Structural Theory, New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    46. Arlow, J. A. & Brenner, C. (1969) The psychopathology of the psychoses. IJP, 50.
    47. Asch, S. S. (1966) Depression. PSOC, 21.
    48. Asch, S. S. (1976) Varieties of negative therapeutic reactions and problems of technique. JAPA, 24.
    49. Atkins, N. (1970) The Oedipus myth. Adolescence, and the succession of generations. JAPA, 18.
    50. Atkinson, J. W. & Birch, D. (1970) The Dynamics of Action. New York: Wiley.
    51. Bachrach, H. M. & Leaff, L. A. (1978) Analyzability. JAPA, 26.
    52. Bacon, C. (1956) A developmental theory of female homosexuality. In: Perversions,ed, S. Lorand & M. Balint. New York: Gramercy.
    53. Bak, R. C. (1953) Fetishism. JAPA. 1.
    54. Bak, R. C. (1968) The phallic woman. PSOC, 23.
    55. Bak, R. C. & Stewart, W. A. (1974) Fetishism, transvestism, and voyeurism. An American Handbook of Psychiatry, ed. S. Arieti. New York: Basic Books, vol. 3.
    56. Balint, A. (1949) Love for mother and mother-love. IJP, 30.
    57. Balter, L., Lothane, Z. & Spencer, J. H. (1980) On the analyzing instrument, PQ, 49.
    58. Basch, M. F. (1973) Psychoanalysis and theory formation. Ann. Psychoanal., 1.
    59. Basch, M. F. (1976) The concept of affect. JAPA, 24.
    60. Basch, M. F. (1981) Selfobject disorders and psychoanalytic theory. JAPA, 29.
    61. Basch, M. F. (1983) Emphatic understanding. JAPA. 31.
    62. Balldry, F. Character. PMC. Forthcoming.
    63. Balldry, F. (1983) The evolution of the concept of character in Freud's writings. JAPA. 31.
    64. Begelman, D. A. (1971) Misnaming, metaphors, the medical model and some muddles. Psychiatry, 34.
    65. Behrends, R. S. & Blatt, E. J. (1985) Internalization and psychological development throughout the life cycle. PSOC, 40.
    66. Bell, A. (1961) Some observations on the role of the scrotal sac and testicles JAPA, 9.
    67. Benedeck, T. (1949) The psychosomatic implications of the primary unit. Amer. J. Orthopsychiat., 19.
    68. Beres, C. (1958) Vicissitudes of superego functions and superego precursors in childhood. FSOC, 13.
    69. Beres, D. Conflict. PMC. Forthcoming.
    70. Beres, D. (1956) Ego deviation and the concept of schizophrenia. PSOC, 11.
    71. Beres, D. (1960) Perception, imagination and reality. IJP, 41.
    72. Beres, D. (1960) The psychoanalytic psychology of imagination. JAPA, 8.
    73. Beres, D. & Joseph, E. D. (1965) Structure and function in psychoanalysis. IJP, 46.
    74. Beres, D. (1970) The concept of mental representation in psychoanalysis. IJP, 51.
    75. Berg, M D. (1977) The externalizing transference. IJP, 58.
    76. Bergeret, J. (1985) Reflection on the scientific responsi bilities of the International Psychoanalytical Association. Memorandum distributed at 34th IPA Congress, Humburg.
    77. Bergman, A. (1978) From mother to the world outside. In: Grolnick et. al. (1978).
    78. Bergmann, M. S. (1980) On the intrapsychic function of falling in love. PQ, 49.
    79. Berliner, B. (1966) Psychodynamics of the depressive character. Psychoanal. Forum, 1.
    80. Bernfeld, S. (1931) Zur Sublimierungslehre. Imago, 17.
    81. Bibring, E. (1937) On the theory of the therapeutic results of psychoanalysis. IJP, 18.
    82. Bibring, E. (1941) The conception of the repetition compulsion. PQ, 12.
    83. Bibring, E. (1953) The mechanism of depression. In: Affective Disorders, ed. P. Greenacre. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    84. Bibring, E. (1954) Psychoanalysis and the dynamic psychotherapies. JAPA, 2.
    85. Binswanger, H. (1963) Positive aspects of the animus. Zьrich: Spring.
    86. Bion Francesca Abingdon: Fleetwood Press.
    87. Bion, W. R. (1952) Croup dynamics. IJP, 33.
    88. Bion, W. R. (1961) Experiences in Groups. London: Tavistock.
    89. Bion, W. R. (1962) A theory of thinking. IJP, 40.
    90. Bion, W. R. (1962) Learning from Experience. London: William Heinemann.
    91. Bion, W. R. (1963) Elements of Psychoanalysis. London: William Heinemann.
    92. Bion, W. R. (1965) Transformations. London: William Heinemann.
    93. Bion, W. R. (1970) Attention and Interpretation. London: Tavistock.
    94. Bion, W. R. (1985) All My Sins Remembered, ed. Francesca Bion. Adingdon: Fleetwood Press.
    95. Bird, B. (1972) Notes on transference. JAPA, 20.
    96. Blanck, G. & Blanck, R. (1974) Ego Psychology. New York: Columbia Univ. Press.
    97. Blatt, S. J. (1974) Levels of object representation in anaclitic and introjective depression. PSOC, 29.
    98. Blau, A. (1955) A unitary hypothesis of emotion. PQ, 24.
    99. Bleuler, E. (1911) Dementia Praecox or the Group of Schizophrenias. New York: Int. Univ. Press, 1951.
    100. Blos, P. (1954) Prolonged adolescence. Amer. J. Orthopsychiat., 24.
    101. Blos, P. (1962) On Adolescence. New York: Free Press.
    102. Blos, P. (1972) The epigenesia of the adult neurosis. 27.
    103. Blos, P. (1979) Modification in the traditional psychoanalytic theory of adolescent development. Adolescent Psychiat., 8.
    104. Blos, P. (1984) Son and father. JAPA_. 32.
    105. Blum, G. S. (1963) Prepuberty and adolescence, In Studies ed. R. E. Grinder. New York: McMillan.
    106. Blum, H. P. Symbolism. FMC. Forthcoming.
    107. Blum, H. P. (1976) Female Psychology. JAPA, 24 (suppl.).
    108. Blum, H. P. (1976) Masochism, the ego ideal and the psychology of women. JAPA, 24 (suppl.).
    109. Blum, H. P. (1980) The value of reconstruction in adult psychoanalysis. IJP, 61.
    110. Blum, H. P. (1981) Forbidden quest and the analytic ideal. PQ, 50.
    111. Blum, H. P. (1983) Defense and resistance. Foreword. JAFA, 31.
    112. Blum, H. P., Kramer, Y., Richards, A. K. & Richards, A. D., eds. (1988) Fantasy, Myth and Reality: Essays in Honor of Jacob A. Arlow. Madison, Conn.: Int. Univ. Press.
    113. Boehm, F. (1930) The femininity-complex In men. IJP,11.
    114. Boesky, D. Structural theory. PMC. Forthcoming.
    115. Boesky, D. (1973) Deja raconte as a screen defense. PQ, 42.
    116. Boesky, D. (1982) Acting out. IJP, 63.
    117. Boesky, D. (1986) Questions about Sublimation In Psychoanalysis the Science of Mental Conflict, ed. A. D. Richards & M. S. Willick. Hillsdale, N. J.: Analytic Press.
    118. Bornstein, B. (1935) Phobia in a 2 1/2-year-old child. PQ, 4.
    119. Bornstein, B. (1951) On latency. PSOC, 6.
    120. Bornstein, M., ed. (1983) Values and neutrality in psychoanalysis. Psychoanal. Inquiry, 3.
    121. Bowlby, J. (1960) Grief and morning in infancy and early childhood. PSOC. 15.
    122. Bowlby, J. (1961) Process of mourning. IJP. 42.
    123. Bowlby, J. (1980) Attachment and Loss, vol. 3. New York: Basic Books.
    124. Bradlow, P. A. (1973) Depersonalization, ego splitting, non-human fantasy and shame. IJP, 54.
    125. Brazelton, T. B., Kozlowsky, B. & Main, M. (1974) The early motherinfant interaction. In: The Effect of the Infant on Its Caregiver, ed. M. Lewis & L. Rosenblum New York Wiley.
    126. Brenner, C. (1957) The nature and development of the concept of repression in Freud's writings. PSOC, 12.
    127. Brenner, C. (1959) The masochistic character. JAPA, 7.
    128. Brenner, C. (1973) An Elementary Textbook of Psycho-analysis. New York Int. Univ. Press.
    129. Brenner, C. (1974) On the nature and development of affects PQ, 43.
    130. Brenner, C. (1976) Psychoanalytic Technique and Psychic Conflict. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    131. Brenner, C. (1979) The Mind in Conflict. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    132. Brenner, C. (1979) Working alliance, therapeutic alliance and transference. JAPA, 27.
    133. Brenner, C. (1981) Defense and defense mechanisms. PQ, 50.
    134. Brenner, C. (1983) Defense. In: the Mind in Conflict. New York Int. Univ. Press.
    135. Bressler, B. (1965) The concept of the self. Psychoanalytic Review, 52.
    136. Breuer, J. & Freud, S. (1983—95) Studies on Hysteria. SE, 3.
    137. Breznitz, S., ed. (1983) The Denial of Stress. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    138. Brody, S. (1964) Passivity. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    139. Brown, H. (1970) Psycholinquistics. New York: Free Press.
    140. Bruner, J. S. (1964) The course of cognitive growth. Amer. Psychologist. 19.
    141. Bruner, J., Jolly, A. & Sylva, K. (1976) Play. New York Basic Books.
    142. Bruner, J. E., Olver, R. R. &Greenfield, P. M. (1966) Studies in Cognitive Growth. New York: Wiley.
    143. Buie, D H. (1981) Empathy. JAPA, 29.
    144. Burgner, M. & Edgeumble, R. (1972) Some problems in the conceptualization of early object relationships. PSOC, 27.
    145. Call, J. ed. (1979) Basic Handbook of Child Psychiatry. New York: Basic Books.
    146. Carroll, G. (1956) Language, Thought and Reality. Cambridge & London: M. I. T. Press & John Wiley.
    147. Cavenar, J. O. & Nash, J. L. (1976) The effects of Combat on the normal personality. Comprehensive Psychiat., 17.
    148. Chassequet-Smirgel, J. (1978) Reflections on the connection between perversion and sadism. IJP, 59.
    149. Chomsky, N. (1978) Language and unconscious knowledge. In: Psychoanalysis and Language, ed. J. H. Smith. New Haven: Yale Univ. Press, vol. 3.
    150. Clower, V. (1975) Significance of masturbation in female sexual development and function. In: Masturbation from Infancy to Senescence, ed. I. Marcus & J. Francis. New York: Int. Uni" Press.
    151. Coen, S. J. & Bradlow, P. A. (1982) Twin transference as a compromise formation. JAPA, 30.
    152. Compton, A. Object and relationships. PMC. Forthcoming.
    153. Cullen, W. (1777) First Lines of the Practice of Psysic. Edinburgh: Bell, Brandfute.
    154. Curtis, B. C. (1969) Psychoanalytic understanding and treatment of impotence. In: Sexual Function and Dysfunction, ed. P. J. Fink & V. B. O. Hummett. Philadelphia: F. A. Davis.
    155. Darwin, C. (1874) The Descent of Man. New York: Hurst.
    156. Davidoff-Hirsch, H. (1985) Oedipal and preoedipal phenomena. JAPA, 33.
    157. Davis, M. & Wallbridge, D. (1981) Boundary and Space. New York: Brunner-Mazel.
    158. Deutsch, H. (1932) Homosexuality in women. PQ, 1.
    159. Deutsch, H. (1934) Some forms of emotional disturbance and their relationship to schizophrenia. PQ, 11.
    160. Deutsch, H. (1937) Absence of grief. PQ, 6.
    161. Deutsch, H. (1942) Some forms of emotional disturbance and their relationship to schizophrenia. PQ, 11.
    162. Deutsch, H. (1955) The impostor. In: Neuroses and Character Types. New York: Int. Univ. Press, 1965.
    163. Devereux, G. (1953) Why Oedipus killed Lains. IJP, 34.
    164. Dewald, P. (1982) Psychoanalytic perspectives On resistance. In: resistance, Psychodynamics. and Behavioral Approaches, ed. P. Wachtel. New York: Plenum Press.
    165. Dickes, R. (1963) Fetishistic behavior. JAPA. 11.
    166. Dickes, R. (1965) The defensive function of an altered state of consciousness. JAPA, 13.
    167. Dickes, R. (1967) Severe regressive disruption of the therapeutic alliance. JAPA, 15.
    168. Dickes, R. (1981) Sexual myths and misinformation. In: Understanding Human Behaviour in Health and Illness, ed. R. C. Simon & H. Pardes. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins.
    169. Dorpat, T. L. (1985) Denial and Defense in the Therapeutic Situation. New York: Jason Aronson.
    170. Downey, T. W. (1978) Transitional phenomena in the analysis of early adolescent males. PSOC, 33.
    171. Dunbar, F. (1954) Emotions and Bodily Functions. New York: Columbia Univ. Press.
    172. Easson, W. M. (1973) The earliest ego development, primitive memory traces, and the Isakower phenomenon. PQ, 42.
    173. Edelheit, H. (1971) Mythopoiesis and the primal scene. Psychoanal. Study Society, 5.
    174. Edgcumbe, R. & Burgner, M. (1972) Some problems in the conceptualization of early object relation ships, part I. PSOC, 27.
    175. Edgcumbe, R. & Burgner, M. (1975) The phallicnarcissistic phase. PSOC, 30.
    176. Eidelberg, L. (1960) A third contribution to the study of slips of the tongue. IJP, 41.
    177. Eidelberg, L. (1968) Encyclopedia of Psychoanalysis. New York: The Free Press; London: Collier-MacMillan.
    178. Eissler, K. R. (1953) The effect of the structure of the ego on psychoanalytic technique. JAPA, 1.
    179. Ellenberg, H. F. (1970) The Discovery of the Unconscious. New York: Basic Books.
    180. Emde, R. N. (1980) Toward a psychoanalytic theory of affect: I. & G. H. Pollock. Washington NYMH.
    181. Emde R., Gaensbaner, T. & Harmon R. (1976) Emotional Expression in Infancy. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    182. Erode R. & Harmon, R. J. (1972) Endogenous and exogenous smiling systems in early infancy. J. Amer. Acad. Child Psychiat., 11.
    183. Engel, G. L. (1962) Psychological Development in Health and Disease. New York Saunders.
    184. Engel, G. L. (1967) Psychoanalytic theory of somatic disorder. JAPA, 15.
    185. Engel, G. L. (1968) A reconsideration of the role of conversion in somatic disease. Compr. Psychiat., 94.
    186. English, H. B. & English, A. C. (1958) A comprehensive Dictionary of Psychological and Psychoanalytical Terms. New York: David McKay.
    187. Erard, R. (1983) New wine in old skins. Int. Rev. Psychoanal., 10.
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    700. Rangell, L. (1966) An overview of the ending of an analysis. In: Psychoanalysis in Americas, ed. R. E. Litman. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    701. Rangell, L. (1968) A point of view on acting out. IJP, 49.
    702. Rangell, L. (1981) From insight to change. JAPA, 29.
    703. Rangell, L. (1981) Psychoanalysis and dynamic psychotherapy. PQ, 50.
    704. Rangell, L. (1983) Defense and resistance in psychoanalysis and life. JAPA, 31 (suppl.).
    705. Rangell, L. (1985) The object in psychoanalytic theory. JAPA, 33.
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    707. Rank, O. (1924) The Trauma of Birth. New York: Robert Brunner, 1952.
    708. Rapaport, D. (1942) Emotions and Memory. New York: Int. Univ. Press, 1950.
    709. Rapaport, D. (1960) The structure of Psychoanalytic Theory. Psychol. Issues, monogr. 6, New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    710. Rapaport, D. & Gill, M. M. (1959) The points of view and assumptions of metapsychology. In: The Collected Papers of David Rapaport. New York: Basic Books, 1967.
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    714. Reich, A. (1953) Narcissistic object choice in women. JAPA, 1.
    715. Reich, A. (1954) Early identifications as archaic elements in the superego. JAPA, 2.
    716. Reich, A. (1960) Pathologic forms of self-esteem regulation. PSOC, 15.
    717. Reich, W. (1933) Character Analysis. New York: Orgone Press, 1949.
    718. Reich, W. (1933) Some circumscribed character forms. In: Character Analysis. New York: Orgone Institute Press.
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    725. Rioch, M. (1970) The work of W. R Bion on groups. Psychiatry, 33.
    726. Ritvo, S. (1971) Late adolescence. PSOC, 18.
    727. Ritvo, S. (1974) Current status of the concept of infantile neurosis. PSOC, 29.
    728. Robbins, F & Sadow, L (1974) A developmental hypothesis of reality processing. JAPA, 22.
    729. Rodman, F. R. (1987) Introduction In the Spontaneous Gesture — Selected Letters of D. W. Winnicott, ed. F. R. Rodman Cambridge—Harvard Univ. Press.
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    731. Roiphe, H. & Galenson, E. (1981) Infantile Roots of Sexual Identity. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
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    733. Rose, H. (1928) A Handbook of Greek Mythology. London: Methuen.
    734. Rosenblatt, A. D. & Thickstun, J T. (1970) A study of the concept of psychic energy. IJP, 51.
    735. Rosenthal, S. M. (1968) The involutional depressive syndrome. Amer J. Psychiat., 124.
    736. Ross, N. (1967) The "as-if" concept. JAPA, 15.
    737. Ross, N. (1970) The primacy of genitality in the light of ego psychology. JAPA, 18.
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    739. Roughton, R. Action and acting out. FMC. Forthcoming.
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    750. Sandler, J., Kennedy, H & Tyson, R. L (1980) The Technique of Child Psychoanalysis. Cambridge—Harvard Univ. Press.
    751. Sandler, J. & Rosenblatt, B. (1962) The concept of the representational world. PSOC, 17.
    752. Sandler, J. & Sandier, A. M. (1978) On the development of object relationships and affects. IJP, 59.
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    754. Sarlin, C. N. (1970) The current status of the concept of genital primacy. JAPA. 18.
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    768. Schwartz, H. J., ed. (1984) Psychotherapy of the Combat Veteran. New York: SP Medical and Scientific Books.
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    774. Shane, M. Shane, E. (1982) Psychoanalytic theories of aggression. Psychoanal. Inquiry, 2.
    775. Shane, M. Shane, E. (1984) The end phase of analysis. JAPA, 32.
    776. Shane, M. Shane, E. (1985) Change and integration in psychoanalytic developmental theory. In: New Ideas in Psychoanalysis, ed. C. F. Settlage & R. Brockbank. Hillsdale, N. J. Analytic Press.
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    840. Tolpin, M. (1971) On the beginnings of a cohesive self. PSOC. 26.
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    845. Tyson, P. & Tyson, R. L. Development. PMC. Forthcoming.
    846. Tyson, P. & Tyson, R. L. The psychoanalitic theory of development. PMC. Forthcoming.
    847. Tyson, P. & Tyson, R. L. (1984) Narcissism and superego development. JAPA, 34.
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    854. Waelder, R. (1963) Psychic determinism and the possibility of prediction. PQ, 32.
    855. Waelder, R. (1967) Trauma and the variety of extraordinary challenges. In: Fuest (1967).
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    Словарь психоаналитических терминов и понятий > БИБЛИОГРАФИЯ

  • 5 artístico

    adj.
    artistic, artistical.
    * * *
    1 artistic
    * * *
    (f. - artística)
    adj.
    * * *
    * * *
    - ca adjetivo artistic
    * * *
    = artist, artistic, tasteful.
    Ex. Billboard Top 40 singles chart data were examined to determine if the frequency distribution of artist productivity fits either of 2 laws of scattering.
    Ex. AACR2 assigns this main entry status to the person who is chiefly responsible for the creation of the intellectual or artistic content of a work.
    Ex. The author investigates the things which young adults consider to be important, and discusses this in relation to what may be considered tasteful, and what merely trendy in young adults' books.
    ----
    * artes de creación literaria y artística, las = creative arts, the.
    * director artístico = art director.
    * estilo artístico = artistic style.
    * éxito artístico = artistic success.
    * * *
    - ca adjetivo artistic
    * * *
    = artist, artistic, tasteful.

    Ex: Billboard Top 40 singles chart data were examined to determine if the frequency distribution of artist productivity fits either of 2 laws of scattering.

    Ex: AACR2 assigns this main entry status to the person who is chiefly responsible for the creation of the intellectual or artistic content of a work.
    Ex: The author investigates the things which young adults consider to be important, and discusses this in relation to what may be considered tasteful, and what merely trendy in young adults' books.
    * artes de creación literaria y artística, las = creative arts, the.
    * director artístico = art director.
    * estilo artístico = artistic style.
    * éxito artístico = artistic success.

    * * *
    artistic
    * * *

    artístico
    ◊ -ca adjetivo

    artistic
    artístico,-a adjetivo artistic

    ' artístico' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    artística
    - dibujo
    - gestarse
    - ley
    - patinaje
    - nombre
    - patrimonio
    English:
    artistic
    - artwork
    - boggle
    - demolish
    - figure skating
    - National Trust
    - figure
    - stage
    * * *
    artístico, -a adj
    artistic
    * * *
    adj artistic
    * * *
    artístico, -ca adj
    : artistic
    * * *
    artístico adj artistic

    Spanish-English dictionary > artístico

  • 6 consumir

    v.
    1 to consume (producto).
    en casa consumimos mucho aceite de oliva we use a lot of olive oil at home
    consumir drogas to take drugs
    consumir preferentemente antes de… best before…
    María consumió sus ahorros Mary consumed her savings.
    La malaria consumió a Pedro The swamp fever consumed Peter.
    La pasión consumió a Ricardo The passion consumed Richard.
    2 to use, to consume.
    esta estufa consume mucha electricidad this heater uses a lot of electricity
    mi coche consume cinco litros a los cien my car does twenty kilometers to the liter
    3 to destroy (destruir) (sujeto: fuego).
    le consumen los celos (figurative) he is eaten up by o consumed with jealousy
    4 to burn up.
    El auto consume mucha gasolina The car burns up too much fuel.
    * * *
    1 (gastar, usar) to consume, use
    2 (destruir) to destroy, consume
    3 (tomar) to take, consume
    4 figurado (carcomer, afligir) to consume; (poner nervioso) to get on one's nerves, infuriate
    1 (extinguirse) to burn out
    2 (secarse) to boil away
    3 (destruirse) to be destroyed
    4 figurado (afligirse) to waste away
    5 figurado (carcomerse) to be consumed, be devoured
    * * *
    verb
    * * *
    1. VT
    1) [+ comida, bebida, droga] to consume frm

    consumir preferentemente antes de... — best before...

    2) [+ energía, gasolina] to use, consume frm
    3) [+ tiempo] to take up
    4) (=extinguir) [+ salud] to destroy

    el cáncer lo está consumiendo — cancer is destroying him, he's being wasted away by cancer

    estos niños me están consumiendo la paciencia — these children are trying o taxing my patience, my patience is wearing thin with these children

    5) (=desesperar)

    los celos lo consumen — he is consumed o eaten up with jealousy

    6) And, CAm (=sumergir) to submerge
    2. VI
    1) (=comer) to eat; (=beber) to drink

    por favor, váyase si no va a consumir — please leave if you're not going to eat or drink

    2) (=gastar) to consume
    3.
    See:
    * * *
    1.
    verbo transitivo
    1)
    a) (frml) <comida/bebida> to eat/drink, consume (frml)

    no vamos a consumir nada — we're not going to have anything to eat/drink

    consúmase en el día — eat o consume within one day

    consumen cantidades industriales de mermelada — (hum) they get through vast quantities of jam (colloq & hum)

    b) <gasolina/energía/producto> to consume, use; < tiempo> to take up
    c) < salud> to ruin
    2) (destruir, acabar con)
    a) fuego/llamas to consume
    c) envidia/celos

    la envidia/los celos la consumían — he was consumed by o with envy/jealousy

    3) ( exasperar) to exasperate
    2.
    consumirse v pron
    a) enfermo/anciano to waste away

    consumirse de algo: se consumía de pena — she was being consumed by grief

    b) vela/cigarrillo to burn down
    c) líquido to reduce
    * * *
    = consume, expend, eat up, swallow up, use up, put away.
    Ex. Her eyes were dry and her head bleary from spending all week totally consumed with work.
    Ex. Command of various techniques for forecasting payments and managing funds is necessary to expend fully without overspending the annual materials budget.
    Ex. The importance of staff atitude is emphasized because the outreach effort has little chance of success without commitment -- it eats up time, energy, enthusiasm and imagination at a rapid rate.
    Ex. The growing complexity of computing environments requires creative solutions to prevent the gain in productivity promised by computing advances from being swallowed up by the necessity of moving information from one environment to another.
    Ex. Plug-in programs have grown widely, they add functionality to a WWW browser but also use up drive storage space or conflict with other types of programs.
    Ex. He put away twice as much wine as usual and it went to his head, so he stretched out on his bed for a nap.
    ----
    * consumir a uno un sentimiento de + Nombre = be consumed by + a feeling of + Nombre.
    * consumir energía = consume + energy, take up + energy.
    * consumir esfuerzo = take up + energy.
    * consumir poco a poco = eat away at.
    * consumir + Posesivo + tiempo = swallow up + Posesivo + time.
    * consumir rápidamente = devour.
    * que consume mucha energía = power-hungry.
    * que consume tiempo = time-consuming [time consuming].
    * ritual en el que se consumen alucinógenos = mushroom ritual.
    * sin consumir = nonconsumptive.
    * * *
    1.
    verbo transitivo
    1)
    a) (frml) <comida/bebida> to eat/drink, consume (frml)

    no vamos a consumir nada — we're not going to have anything to eat/drink

    consúmase en el día — eat o consume within one day

    consumen cantidades industriales de mermelada — (hum) they get through vast quantities of jam (colloq & hum)

    b) <gasolina/energía/producto> to consume, use; < tiempo> to take up
    c) < salud> to ruin
    2) (destruir, acabar con)
    a) fuego/llamas to consume
    c) envidia/celos

    la envidia/los celos la consumían — he was consumed by o with envy/jealousy

    3) ( exasperar) to exasperate
    2.
    consumirse v pron
    a) enfermo/anciano to waste away

    consumirse de algo: se consumía de pena — she was being consumed by grief

    b) vela/cigarrillo to burn down
    c) líquido to reduce
    * * *
    = consume, expend, eat up, swallow up, use up, put away.

    Ex: Her eyes were dry and her head bleary from spending all week totally consumed with work.

    Ex: Command of various techniques for forecasting payments and managing funds is necessary to expend fully without overspending the annual materials budget.
    Ex: The importance of staff atitude is emphasized because the outreach effort has little chance of success without commitment -- it eats up time, energy, enthusiasm and imagination at a rapid rate.
    Ex: The growing complexity of computing environments requires creative solutions to prevent the gain in productivity promised by computing advances from being swallowed up by the necessity of moving information from one environment to another.
    Ex: Plug-in programs have grown widely, they add functionality to a WWW browser but also use up drive storage space or conflict with other types of programs.
    Ex: He put away twice as much wine as usual and it went to his head, so he stretched out on his bed for a nap.
    * consumir a uno un sentimiento de + Nombre = be consumed by + a feeling of + Nombre.
    * consumir energía = consume + energy, take up + energy.
    * consumir esfuerzo = take up + energy.
    * consumir poco a poco = eat away at.
    * consumir + Posesivo + tiempo = swallow up + Posesivo + time.
    * consumir rápidamente = devour.
    * que consume mucha energía = power-hungry.
    * que consume tiempo = time-consuming [time consuming].
    * ritual en el que se consumen alucinógenos = mushroom ritual.
    * sin consumir = nonconsumptive.

    * * *
    consumir [I1 ]
    vt
    A
    1 ( frml); ‹comida/bebida› to consume ( frml)
    si no van a consumir nada no pueden ocupar la mesa if you're not going to have anything to eat/drink, you can't sit at a table
    consuma productos nacionales buy home-produced goods
    estos niños consumen cantidades industriales de mermelada ( hum); these children get through vast quantities of jam ( colloq hum)
    una vez abierto consúmase en el día once open, eat o consume within one day
    ¿cuánto vino se consumió en la recepción? how much wine was drunk at the reception?, how much wine did they get through at the reception? ( colloq)
    2 ‹gasolina/energía/producto› to consume, use; ‹tiempo› to take up
    este coche consume ocho litros a los 100 (kilómetros) this car does 100km on 8 liters of gasoline, ≈ this car does 35 miles to the gallon
    aquí consumimos grandes cantidades de papel we use o get through vast quantities of paper here
    estás consumiendo mi paciencia you're trying o taxing my patience, my patience is running out o wearing thin
    B (destruir, acabar con) «fuego/llamas» to consume; «incendio» to consume, destroy
    la terrible enfermedad que lo está consumiendo the terrible disease that is making him waste away
    la ambición la consume she is burning with ambition
    está consumido por los celos he's eaten up o consumed with jealousy
    1 «enfermo/anciano» to waste away consumirse DE algo:
    se consumía de celos he was consumed o eaten up with jealousy
    se consumía de pena she was being consumed by grief, she was pining away with grief
    consumirse EN algo:
    se consumía en deseos de volver a verla ( liter); he had a burning desire to see her again ( liter), he was consumed with desire to see her again ( liter)
    2 «vela/cigarrillo» to burn down
    3 «líquido» to reduce
    se deja hervir para que se consuma algo el líquido boil off o away some of the liquid, leave it on the boil to reduce the liquid o so that the liquid reduces
    4 (achicarse) to shrink
    * * *

     

    consumir ( conjugate consumir) verbo transitivo
    a) (frml) ‹comida/bebida› to eat/drink, consume (frml)

    b) ‹gasolina/energía/producto› to consume, use;

    ‹ tiempo› to take up
    c) ‹ salud› to ruin

    d) ( destruir) [fuego/llamas] to consume;

    [envidia/celos]:
    ◊ la envidia la consumía she was consumed by o with envy

    consumirse verbo pronominal
    a) [enfermo/anciano] to waste away;


    b) [vela/cigarrillo] to burn down


    consumir verbo transitivo to consume
    consumir antes de..., best before...
    ' consumir' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    abusar
    - agotar
    - reconcomer
    - consumido
    - gastar
    - tomar
    English:
    best
    - burn up
    - consume
    - eat into
    - eat up
    - swallow up
    - use
    - carry
    - drain
    - eat
    - swallow
    * * *
    ♦ vt
    1. [producto] to consume;
    en casa consumimos mucho aceite de oliva we use a lot of olive oil at home;
    consumieron sus refrescos en el bar they had their drinks at the bar;
    está prohibido consumir bebidas alcohólicas en los campos de fútbol the consumption of alcohol is forbidden in football grounds;
    fue acusado de consumir drogas he was accused of taking drugs;
    consumir preferentemente antes de… [en envase] best before…
    2. [gastar] to use, to consume;
    esta estufa consume mucha electricidad this heater uses a lot of electricity;
    esta moto consume muy poco this motorbike uses very little Br petrol o US gas;
    mi coche consume 7 litros a los cien ≈ my car does 41 miles to the gallon
    3. [desgastar] to wear out;
    el rozamiento consume los neumáticos friction wears down the tyres
    4. [destruir] [sujeto: fuego] to destroy
    5. [destruir] [sujeto: enfermedad] to eat away at;
    el cáncer lo va consumiendo poco a poco he's gradually wasting away because of the cancer;
    los celos lo consumen he is eaten up by o consumed with jealousy;
    este calor me consume this heat is killing me o is too much for me
    ♦ vi
    to consume
    * * *
    v/t & v/i consume;
    consumir preferentemente antes de … COM best before …
    * * *
    : to consume
    * * *
    1. (usar) to consume / to use
    2. (comer, beber) to eat [pt. ate; pp. eaten] / to drink [pt. drank; pp. drunk]
    3. (destruir) to destroy

    Spanish-English dictionary > consumir

  • 7 dar una idea de

    (v.) = give + a feel for, give + indication, provide + a glimpse of, give + a flavour of, be indicative of, provide + insight into, give + a picture, give + an insight into, give + an inkling of
    Ex. I have I hope given you a feel for the current thinking on university library building in the UK.
    Ex. The article 'Cross age tutoring works wonders' describes the development of that project, the basic tutoring session and gives an indication of the project's success.
    Ex. Close attention to the role of the computer specialist provides a glimpse of the world behind the reference desk.
    Ex. The physical representation of data on disks is a complicated subject and the foregoing discussion gives but a flavour of the various techniques.
    Ex. His definitive article, 'Backlog to Frontlog,' Library Journal (September 15, 1969), was indicative of his creative and simple, yet effective and economical solutions to traditional library problems.
    Ex. This article reports the findings of an investigation which was conducted in order to determine if either the impact factor or the immediacy index provide useful insights into the qualitative relations among scientific journals.
    Ex. The 1981 census data was used as a rough guide to give a picture of the area and to compile graphs from these statistics.
    Ex. His plenary address gave an insight into government thinking on library and information policy.
    Ex. This collection of essays gives some inkling of where the early 1990s have left Bach study.
    * * *
    (v.) = give + a feel for, give + indication, provide + a glimpse of, give + a flavour of, be indicative of, provide + insight into, give + a picture, give + an insight into, give + an inkling of

    Ex: I have I hope given you a feel for the current thinking on university library building in the UK.

    Ex: The article 'Cross age tutoring works wonders' describes the development of that project, the basic tutoring session and gives an indication of the project's success.
    Ex: Close attention to the role of the computer specialist provides a glimpse of the world behind the reference desk.
    Ex: The physical representation of data on disks is a complicated subject and the foregoing discussion gives but a flavour of the various techniques.
    Ex: His definitive article, 'Backlog to Frontlog,' Library Journal (September 15, 1969), was indicative of his creative and simple, yet effective and economical solutions to traditional library problems.
    Ex: This article reports the findings of an investigation which was conducted in order to determine if either the impact factor or the immediacy index provide useful insights into the qualitative relations among scientific journals.
    Ex: The 1981 census data was used as a rough guide to give a picture of the area and to compile graphs from these statistics.
    Ex: His plenary address gave an insight into government thinking on library and information policy.
    Ex: This collection of essays gives some inkling of where the early 1990s have left Bach study.

    Spanish-English dictionary > dar una idea de

  • 8 pináculo

    m.
    pinnacle, summit.
    * * *
    1 pinnacle
    * * *
    * * *
    masculino (Arquit) pinnacle; ( apogeo) pinnacle, peak
    * * *
    Ex. There are, it is assumed, 'high' and 'low' forms of culture, especially in the field of the creative arts which are conceived of as somehow the pinnacle and foremost end of human life.
    ----
    * pináculo de la fama, el = pinnacle of fame, the, pinnacle of renown, the.
    * pináculo de la perfección, el = pinnacle of perfection, the.
    * pináculo del éxito, el = pinnacle of success, the.
    * * *
    masculino (Arquit) pinnacle; ( apogeo) pinnacle, peak
    * * *

    Ex: There are, it is assumed, 'high' and 'low' forms of culture, especially in the field of the creative arts which are conceived of as somehow the pinnacle and foremost end of human life.

    * pináculo de la fama, el = pinnacle of fame, the, pinnacle of renown, the.
    * pináculo de la perfección, el = pinnacle of perfection, the.
    * pináculo del éxito, el = pinnacle of success, the.

    * * *
    1 ( Arquit) pinnacle
    2 (apogeo) pinnacle, peak
    * * *

    pináculo sustantivo masculino (Arquit) pinnacle;
    ( apogeo) pinnacle, peak
    ' pináculo' also found in these entries:
    English:
    pinnacle
    * * *
    1. [de edificio] pinnacle
    2. [cumbre, apogeo] pinnacle, peak;
    está en el pináculo de su carrera literaria he's at the pinnacle o peak of his literary career
    3. [juego de naipes] pinochle
    * * *
    m ARQUI, fig
    pinnacle
    * * *
    1) : pinnacle (of a building)
    2) : peak, acme

    Spanish-English dictionary > pináculo

  • 9 gestalten

    I v/t
    1. (formen) form, shape; Bildhauerei etc.: model; kreatives Gestalten creative expression
    2. schöpferisch: create, produce, make; ein Thema dramatisch / poetisch gestalten give dramatic / poetic form to a subject, dramatize a subject / write a poem on a subject
    3. (entwerfen) design (auch TECH.); (Park etc.) lay out; (Raum etc.) decorate; (einrichten) arrange; (Schaufenster) dress; moderner gestalten modernize
    4. (Fest etc.) arrange, organize; eine Feier etc. abwechslungsreich gestalten bring some variety to the celebrations; den Unterricht / ein Seminar etc. interessanter gestalten make lessons / a seminar etc. more interesting; eine Notlage etc. erträglich gestalten not let a crisis etc. get out of hand
    II v/refl take shape; (sich entwickeln) develop; sich gut etc. gestalten go ( oder turn out) well etc.; sich zu einem Erfolg etc. gestalten prove, turn out (to be), be; es gestaltete sich schwierig it turned out to be difficult
    * * *
    to form; to fashion; to shape; to frame; to configure; to cast; to pattern; to mold
    * * *
    ge|stạl|ten [gə'ʃtaltn] ptp gesta\#ltet
    1. vt
    Text, Wohnung to lay out; Programm, Abend, Layout to arrange; Arbeitsplatz, Benutzeroberfläche to organize; Arbeitszeit, Freizeit, Abend to organize, to structure; Schaufenster to dress; Zukunft, Beziehung, Gesellschaft, Politik to shape

    etw rationeller/effizienter/flexibler gestalten — to make sth more rational/efficient/flexible

    ich gestalte mein Leben so, wie ich will — I live or organize my life the way I want to

    etw interessanter/moderner etc gestalten — to make sth more interesting/modern etc

    der Umbau wurde nach den ursprünglichen Plänen gestaltet — the conversion was carried out in accordance with the original plans

    einen historischen Stoff zu einem Roman gestalten — to fashion or mould (Brit) or mold (US) a historical subject into a novel

    2. vr
    (= werden) to become; (= sich entwickeln) to turn or develop (zu into)

    sich schwierig gestalten (Verhandlungen etc) — to run into difficulties

    * * *
    (to put into the required state: The footballers trained hard in order to condition themselves for the match.) condition
    * * *
    ge·stal·ten *
    [gəˈʃtaltn̩]
    I. vt
    ▪ etw irgendwie \gestalten
    1. (einrichten) to design
    einen Garten/einen Gartenteich/eine Terrasse \gestalten to lay out [or plan] a garden/a garden pond/a terrace
    ein Schaufenster \gestalten to dress a shop window
    etw neu/anders \gestalten to redesign sth
    2. (darbieten, präsentieren) to arrange
    ein Programm/einen Abend/Unterricht \gestalten to organize [or arrange] a programme [or AM -am]/an evening/a lesson [or lessons]
    einen Text \gestalten to formulate a text
    3. (organisieren) to arrange, to organize
    4. ARCHIT (konstruieren) to build
    eine Terrasse \gestalten to lay out a terrace
    einen Einrichtungsgegenstand/einen Gebrauchsgegenstand \gestalten to design a fitting [or pl furnishings]/an object of use
    ein Kunstwerk \gestalten to design a piece of art
    II. vr (geh)
    ▪ sich akk irgendwie \gestalten to turn out [or prove] to be somehow
    * * *
    1.
    transitives Verb fashion, shape, form < vase, figure, etc.>; design <furnishings, stage-set, etc.>; lay out < public gardens>; dress < shop window>; mould, shape <character, personality>; arrange < party, conference, etc.>; frame <sentence, reply, etc.>
    2.
    reflexives Verb turn out

    sich schwieriger gestalten als erwartet — turn out or prove to be more difficult than had been expected

    * * *
    A. v/t
    1. (formen) form, shape; Bildhauerei etc: model;
    kreatives Gestalten creative expression
    2. schöpferisch: create, produce, make;
    ein Thema dramatisch/poetisch gestalten give dramatic/poetic form to a subject, dramatize a subject/write a poem on a subject
    3. (entwerfen) design ( auch TECH); (Park etc) lay out; (Raum etc) decorate; (einrichten) arrange; (Schaufenster) dress;
    4. (Fest etc) arrange, organize;
    abwechslungsreich gestalten bring some variety to the celebrations;
    den Unterricht/ein Seminar etc
    interessanter gestalten make lessons/a seminar etc more interesting;
    erträglich gestalten not let a crisis etc get out of hand
    B. v/r take shape; (sich entwickeln) develop;
    sich gut etc
    gestalten go ( oder turn out) well etc;
    sich zu einem Erfolg etc
    gestalten prove, turn out (to be), be;
    es gestaltete sich schwierig it turned out to be difficult
    * * *
    1.
    transitives Verb fashion, shape, form <vase, figure, etc.>; design <furnishings, stage-set, etc.>; lay out < public gardens>; dress < shop window>; mould, shape <character, personality>; arrange <party, conference, etc.>; frame <sentence, reply, etc.>
    2.
    reflexives Verb turn out

    sich schwieriger gestalten als erwartet — turn out or prove to be more difficult than had been expected

    * * *
    v.
    to configure v.
    to construct v.
    to fashion v.
    to form v.
    to frame v.
    to mold v.
    to mould (out of) v.
    to shape v.

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > gestalten

  • 10 cima

    f.
    1 peak, summit (cúspide) (de montaña).
    2 peak, high point (apogeo).
    dar cima a to conclude (negociaciones, acuerdo)
    3 top, peak, acme, apex.
    4 cyme.
    * * *
    1 (de montaña) summit, top; (de árbol) top
    2 figurado (cumbre) summit, peak
    \
    dar cima a algo figurado to complete something, crown something
    * * *
    noun f.
    top, height, summit
    * * *
    SF
    1) [de montaña] top, summit

    la cima del Aconcagua — the top o summit of Aconcagua

    dieron cima a la montaña — they reached o got to the summit o top of the mountain

    2) (=cúspide)

    conoció las más altas cimas del poder — he knew o experienced the very heights of power

    3) [de árbol] top
    * * *
    femenino ( de montaña) top, summit; ( de árbol) top; ( de profesión) top; ( de carrera) peak, height
    * * *
    = apex, brow, pinnacle, summit, peak, ridge, crest.
    Ex. A hierarchy is usually illustrated as a triangle with the ultimate authority at the apex of the triangle and authority flowing downward to all other parts of the triangle.
    Ex. The library is poorly sited outside the shopping centre and on the brow of a hill, and faces competition from adjoining libraries.
    Ex. There are, it is assumed, 'high' and 'low' forms of culture, especially in the field of the creative arts which are conceived of as somehow the pinnacle and foremost end of human life.
    Ex. The article is entitled 'Getting to the summit: how do you get there from here? A climber's guide to consortium formation'.
    Ex. Rob's death came as he neared the culmination of a personal quest to climb the highest peaks on each of the seven continents.
    Ex. It is worth camping out there for the weekend but probably with mates as it is hard to convince the chicks they want to hike over a ridge to get to a place with no bogs.
    Ex. In the crest of the timeworn Black Mountains lies the summit of Mount Mitchell, the highest point east of the Mississippi.
    ----
    * cima de la colina = hilltop.
    * * *
    femenino ( de montaña) top, summit; ( de árbol) top; ( de profesión) top; ( de carrera) peak, height
    * * *
    = apex, brow, pinnacle, summit, peak, ridge, crest.

    Ex: A hierarchy is usually illustrated as a triangle with the ultimate authority at the apex of the triangle and authority flowing downward to all other parts of the triangle.

    Ex: The library is poorly sited outside the shopping centre and on the brow of a hill, and faces competition from adjoining libraries.
    Ex: There are, it is assumed, 'high' and 'low' forms of culture, especially in the field of the creative arts which are conceived of as somehow the pinnacle and foremost end of human life.
    Ex: The article is entitled 'Getting to the summit: how do you get there from here? A climber's guide to consortium formation'.
    Ex: Rob's death came as he neared the culmination of a personal quest to climb the highest peaks on each of the seven continents.
    Ex: It is worth camping out there for the weekend but probably with mates as it is hard to convince the chicks they want to hike over a ridge to get to a place with no bogs.
    Ex: In the crest of the timeworn Black Mountains lies the summit of Mount Mitchell, the highest point east of the Mississippi.
    * cima de la colina = hilltop.

    * * *
    empeñada en llegar a la cima sólo pensaba en el trabajo determined to get to the top, she thought about nothing but work
    está en la cima de su carrera she is at the peak of her career
    dar cima a algo to round sth off
    2 ( Bot) cyme
    * * *

     

    cima sustantivo femenino ( de montaña) top, summit;
    ( de árbol) top;
    ( de profesión) top;
    ( de carrera) peak, height;

    cima sustantivo femenino summit

    ' cima' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    conquistar
    - encontrarse
    - ganar
    - coronar
    - pico
    - subir
    - tope
    English:
    brow
    - crest
    - crown
    - height
    - hilltop
    - peak
    - summit
    - top
    - going
    - hill
    - mountaintop
    - pinnacle
    - work
    * * *
    cima nf
    1. [de montaña] peak, summit
    2. [de árbol] top
    3. [apogeo] peak, high point;
    ha alcanzado la cima de la popularidad his popularity has reached an all-time high;
    el artista está en la cima de su creatividad the artist is at the peak of his creativity;
    dar cima a algo to round sth off
    4. Bot cyme
    * * *
    f summit; fig
    peak;
    dar cima a complete successfully
    * * *
    cima nf
    cumbre: peak, summit, top
    * * *
    cima n
    1. (de montaña) peak / summit
    2. (punto más alto) peak / top

    Spanish-English dictionary > cima

  • 11 произведение

    1) General subject: (отдельно выполненная) a piece of work, composition, contemporary (той же эпохи, что и другое), creation (науки, искусства), effort, getting, handiwork, opus (литературное), piece of work (отдельно выполненная), production, success, (литературное) text, work, work product, writing, yielding, creative product
    4) Engineering: publication
    5) Construction: multiplication
    7) Architecture: opus, piece
    8) Art: look (minimalist look: произведения в духе минимализма)
    9) Information technology: product term
    11) Mass media: title
    12) Marine science: product (матем)

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > произведение

  • 12 возможность возможност·ь

    1) possibility; (вероятность) feasibility

    давать / предоставлять возможность — to afford / to make an opportunity

    иметь возможность сделать что-л. — to be able / to be in a position to do smth.

    исключить возможность — to eliminate a possibility, to rule out the possibility

    ухватиться за возможность — to jump at a possibility / a chance

    огромные возможности — vast possibilities / opportunities

    производственные возможности — production possibilities / potentialities

    скрытые возможности — latent / hidden possibilities

    2) (удобный случай) opportunity, chance, occasion, opening; (благоприятные условия) facilities

    воспользоваться возможностью сделать что-л. — to take the opportunity to do smth.

    давать кому-л. возможность сделать что-л. — to enable smb. to do smth., to give a chance / an opportunity to do smth., to afford an opportunity for smth.

    упустить возможность — to miss / to lose an opportunity

    благоприятные возможности — auspicious / favourable opportunity

    равные возможности — equal / equitable opportunities

    предоставить кому-л. широкие возможности — to give smb. ample / abundant / full / wide scope (for), to give smb. ample opportunity

    3) (внутренние силы, ресурсы) means, resources, potential; (потенциальная) potentiality

    положение, открывающее большие возможности — situation full of potentialities

    4) воен. capability, capacity

    боевые возможности — combat capabilities / capacities

    возможности контроля / проверки — verification capabilities

    возможность обнаружения (сейсмического явления, ядерного взрыва) — detection capability / capacity

    Russian-english dctionary of diplomacy > возможность возможност·ь

  • 13 suggestion program

    HR
    a policy designed to encourage employees to generate ideas or proposals that improve work processes, for which they receive a gift or cash reward. The objective of a suggestion program is to promote employee involvement, creative thinking, and continuous improvement. Its success can be evaluated in terms of the participation rate, or by the level of cost savings, but there may be an incalculable beneficial effect on sales, customer loyalty, retention of employees, and motivation.

    The ultimate business dictionary > suggestion program

  • 14 Fokker, Anthony Herman Gerard

    SUBJECT AREA: Aerospace
    [br]
    b. 6 April 1890 Kediri, Java, Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia)
    d. 23 December 1939 New York, USA
    [br]
    Dutch designer of German fighter aircraft during the First World War and of many successful airliners during the 1920s and 1930s.
    [br]
    Anthony Fokker was born in Java, where his Dutch father had a coffee plantation. The family returned to the Netherlands and, after schooling, young Anthony went to Germany to study aeronautics. With the aid of a friend he built his first aeroplane, the Spin, in 1910: this was a monoplane capable of short hops. By 1911 Fokker had improved the Spin and gained a pilot's licence. In 1912 he set up a company called Fokker Aeroplanbau at Johannistal, outside Berlin, and a series of monoplanes followed.
    When war broke out in 1914 Fokker offered his designs to both sides, and the Germans accepted them. His E I monoplane of 1915 caused a sensation with its manoeuvrability and forward-firing machine gun. Fokker and his collaborators improved on the French deflector system introduced by Raymond Saulnier by fitting an interrupter gear which synchronized the machine gun to fire between the blades of the rotating propeller. The Fokker Dr I triplane and D VII biplane were also outstanding German fighters of the First World War. Fokker's designs were often the work of an employee who received little credit: nevertheless, Fokker was a gifted pilot and a great organizer. After the war, Fokker moved back to the Netherlands and set up the Fokker Aircraft Works in Amsterdam. In 1922, however, he emigrated to the USA and established the Atlantic Aircraft Corporation in New Jersey. His first significant success there came the following year when one of his T-2 monoplanes became the first aircraft to fly non-stop across the USA, from New York to San Diego. He developed a series of civil aircraft using the well-proven method of construction he used for his fighters: fuselages made from steel tubes and thick, robust wooden wings. Of these, probably the most famous was the F VII/3m, a high-wing monoplane with three engines and capable of carrying about ten passengers. From 1925 the F VII/3m airliner was used worldwide and made many record-breaking flights, such as Lieutenant-Commander Richard Byrd's first flight over the North Pole in 1926 and Charles Kingsford-Smith's first transpacific flight in 1928. By this time Fokker had lost interest in military aircraft and had begun to see flight as a means of speeding up global communications and bringing people together. His last years were spent in realizing this dream, and this was reflected in his concentration on the design and production of passenger aircraft.
    [br]
    Principal Honours and Distinctions
    Royal Netherlands Aeronautical Society Gold Medal 1932.
    Bibliography
    1931, The Flying Dutchman: The Life of Anthony Fokker, London: Routledge \& Sons (an interesting, if rather biased, autobiography).
    Further Reading
    A.R.Weyl, 1965, Fokker: The Creative Years, London; reprinted 1988 (a very detailed account of Fokker's early work).
    Thijs Postma, 1979, Fokker: Aircraft Builders to the World, Holland; 1980, English edn, London (a well-illustrated history of Fokker and the company).
    Henri Hegener, 1961, Fokker: The Man and His Aircraft, Letchworth, Herts.
    JDS / CM

    Biographical history of technology > Fokker, Anthony Herman Gerard

  • 15 Griffith, Alan Arnold

    [br]
    b. 13 June 1893 London, England
    d. 13 October 1963 Farnborough, England
    [br]
    English research engineer responsible for many original ideas, including jet-lift aircraft.
    [br]
    Griffith was very much a "boffin", for he was a quiet, thoughtful man who shunned public appearances, yet he produced many revolutionary ideas. During the First World War he worked at the Royal Aircraft Factory, Farnborough, where he carried out research into structural analysis. Because of his use of soap films in solving torsion problems, he was nicknamed "Soap-bubble".
    During the 1920s Griffith carried out research into gas-turbine design at the Royal Aircraft Establishment (RAE; as the Royal Aircraft Factory had become). In 1929 he made proposals for a gas turbine driving a propeller (a turboprop), but the idea was shelved. In the 1930s he was head of the Engine Department of the RAE and developed multi-stage axial compressors, which were later used in jet engines. This work attracted the attention of E.W. (later Lord) Hives of Rolls-Royce who persuaded Griffith to join Rolls-Royce in 1939. His first major project was a "contra-flow" jet engine, which was a good idea but a practical failure. However, Griffith's axial-flow compressor experience played an important part in the success of Rolls-Royce jet engines from the Avon onwards. He also proposed the bypass principle used for the Conway.
    Griffith experimented with suction to control the boundary layer on wings, but his main interest in the 1950s centred on vertical-take-off and -landing aircraft. He developed the remarkable "flying bedstead", which consisted of a framework (the bedstead) in which two jet engines were mounted with their jets pointing downwards, thus lifting the machine vertically. It first flew in 1954 and provided much valuable data. The Short SC1 aircraft followed, with four small jets providing lift for vertical take-off and one conventional jet to provide forward propulsion. This flew successfully in the late 1950s and early 1960s. Griffith proposed an airliner with lifting engines, but the weight of the lifting engines when not in use would have been a serious handicap. He retired in 1960.
    [br]
    Principal Honours and Distinctions
    CBE 1948. FRS 1941. Royal Aeronautical Society Silver Medal 1955; Blériot Medal 1962.
    Bibliography
    Griffith produced many technical papers in his early days; for example: 1926, Aerodynamic Theory of Turbine Design, Farnborough.
    Further Reading
    D.Eyre, 1966, "Dr A.A.Griffith, CBE, FRS", Journal of the Royal Aeronautical Society (June) (a detailed obituary).
    F.W.Armstrong, 1976, "The aero engine and its progress: fifty years after Griffith", Aeronautical Journal (December).
    O.Stewart, 1966, Aviation: The Creative Ideas, London (provides brief descriptions of Griffith's many projects).
    JDS

    Biographical history of technology > Griffith, Alan Arnold

  • 16 Philosophy

       And what I believe to be more important here is that I find in myself an infinity of ideas of certain things which cannot be assumed to be pure nothingness, even though they may have perhaps no existence outside of my thought. These things are not figments of my imagination, even though it is within my power to think of them or not to think of them; on the contrary, they have their own true and immutable natures. Thus, for example, when I imagine a triangle, even though there may perhaps be no such figure anywhere in the world outside of my thought, nor ever have been, nevertheless the figure cannot help having a certain determinate nature... or essence, which is immutable and eternal, which I have not invented and which does not in any way depend upon my mind. (Descartes, 1951, p. 61)
       Let us console ourselves for not knowing the possible connections between a spider and the rings of Saturn, and continue to examine what is within our reach. (Voltaire, 1961, p. 144)
       As modern physics started with the Newtonian revolution, so modern philosophy starts with what one might call the Cartesian Catastrophe. The catastrophe consisted in the splitting up of the world into the realms of matter and mind, and the identification of "mind" with conscious thinking. The result of this identification was the shallow rationalism of l'esprit Cartesien, and an impoverishment of psychology which it took three centuries to remedy even in part. (Koestler, 1964, p. 148)
       It has been made of late a reproach against natural philosophy that it has struck out on a path of its own, and has separated itself more and more widely from the other sciences which are united by common philological and historical studies. The opposition has, in fact, been long apparent, and seems to me to have grown up mainly under the influence of the Hegelian philosophy, or, at any rate, to have been brought out into more distinct relief by that philosophy.... The sole object of Kant's "Critical Philosophy" was to test the sources and the authority of our knowledge, and to fix a definite scope and standard for the researches of philosophy, as compared with other sciences.... [But Hegel's] "Philosophy of Identity" was bolder. It started with the hypothesis that not only spiritual phenomena, but even the actual world-nature, that is, and man-were the result of an act of thought on the part of a creative mind, similar, it was supposed, in kind to the human mind.... The philosophers accused the scientific men of narrowness; the scientific men retorted that the philosophers were crazy. And so it came about that men of science began to lay some stress on the banishment of all philosophic influences from their work; while some of them, including men of the greatest acuteness, went so far as to condemn philosophy altogether, not merely as useless, but as mischievous dreaming. Thus, it must be confessed, not only were the illegitimate pretensions of the Hegelian system to subordinate to itself all other studies rejected, but no regard was paid to the rightful claims of philosophy, that is, the criticism of the sources of cognition, and the definition of the functions of the intellect. (Helmholz, quoted in Dampier, 1966, pp. 291-292)
       Philosophy remains true to its classical tradition by renouncing it. (Habermas, 1972, p. 317)
       I have not attempted... to put forward any grand view of the nature of philosophy; nor do I have any such grand view to put forth if I would. It will be obvious that I do not agree with those who see philosophy as the history of "howlers" and progress in philosophy as the debunking of howlers. It will also be obvious that I do not agree with those who see philosophy as the enterprise of putting forward a priori truths about the world.... I see philosophy as a field which has certain central questions, for example, the relation between thought and reality.... It seems obvious that in dealing with these questions philosophers have formulated rival research programs, that they have put forward general hypotheses, and that philosophers within each major research program have modified their hypotheses by trial and error, even if they sometimes refuse to admit that that is what they are doing. To that extent philosophy is a "science." To argue about whether philosophy is a science in any more serious sense seems to me to be hardly a useful occupation.... It does not seem to me important to decide whether science is philosophy or philosophy is science as long as one has a conception of both that makes both essential to a responsible view of the world and of man's place in it. (Putnam, 1975, p. xvii)
       What can philosophy contribute to solving the problem of the relation [of] mind to body? Twenty years ago, many English-speaking philosophers would have answered: "Nothing beyond an analysis of the various mental concepts." If we seek knowledge of things, they thought, it is to science that we must turn. Philosophy can only cast light upon our concepts of those things.
       This retreat from things to concepts was not undertaken lightly. Ever since the seventeenth century, the great intellectual fact of our culture has been the incredible expansion of knowledge both in the natural and in the rational sciences (mathematics, logic).
       The success of science created a crisis in philosophy. What was there for philosophy to do? Hume had already perceived the problem in some degree, and so surely did Kant, but it was not until the twentieth century, with the Vienna Circle and with Wittgenstein, that the difficulty began to weigh heavily. Wittgenstein took the view that philosophy could do no more than strive to undo the intellectual knots it itself had tied, so achieving intellectual release, and even a certain illumination, but no knowledge. A little later, and more optimistically, Ryle saw a positive, if reduced role, for philosophy in mapping the "logical geography" of our concepts: how they stood to each other and how they were to be analyzed....
       Since that time, however, philosophers in the "analytic" tradition have swung back from Wittgensteinian and even Rylean pessimism to a more traditional conception of the proper role and tasks of philosophy. Many analytic philosophers now would accept the view that the central task of philosophy is to give an account, or at least play a part in giving an account, of the most general nature of things and of man. (Armstrong, 1990, pp. 37-38)
       8) Philosophy's Evolving Engagement with Artificial Intelligence and Cognitive Science
       In the beginning, the nature of philosophy's engagement with artificial intelligence and cognitive science was clear enough. The new sciences of the mind were to provide the long-awaited vindication of the most potent dreams of naturalism and materialism. Mind would at last be located firmly within the natural order. We would see in detail how the most perplexing features of the mental realm could be supported by the operations of solely physical laws upon solely physical stuff. Mental causation (the power of, e.g., a belief to cause an action) would emerge as just another species of physical causation. Reasoning would be understood as a kind of automated theorem proving. And the key to both was to be the depiction of the brain as the implementation of multiple higher level programs whose task was to manipulate and transform symbols or representations: inner items with one foot in the physical (they were realized as brain states) and one in the mental (they were bearers of contents, and their physical gymnastics were cleverly designed to respect semantic relationships such as truth preservation). (A. Clark, 1996, p. 1)
       Socrates of Athens famously declared that "the unexamined life is not worth living," and his motto aptly explains the impulse to philosophize. Taking nothing for granted, philosophy probes and questions the fundamental presuppositions of every area of human inquiry.... [P]art of the job of the philosopher is to keep at a certain critical distance from current doctrines, whether in the sciences or the arts, and to examine instead how the various elements in our world-view clash, or fit together. Some philosophers have tried to incorporate the results of these inquiries into a grand synoptic view of the nature of reality and our human relationship to it. Others have mistrusted system-building, and seen their primary role as one of clarifications, or the removal of obstacles along the road to truth. But all have shared the Socratic vision of using the human intellect to challenge comfortable preconceptions, insisting that every aspect of human theory and practice be subjected to continuing critical scrutiny....
       Philosophy is, of course, part of a continuing tradition, and there is much to be gained from seeing how that tradition originated and developed. But the principal object of studying the materials in this book is not to pay homage to past genius, but to enrich one's understanding of central problems that are as pressing today as they have always been-problems about knowledge, truth and reality, the nature of the mind, the basis of right action, and the best way to live. These questions help to mark out the territory of philosophy as an academic discipline, but in a wider sense they define the human predicament itself; they will surely continue to be with us for as long as humanity endures. (Cottingham, 1996, pp. xxi-xxii)
       In his study of ancient Greek culture, The Birth of Tragedy, Nietzsche drew what would become a famous distinction, between the Dionysian spirit, the untamed spirit of art and creativity, and the Apollonian, that of reason and self-control. The story of Greek civilization, and all civilizations, Nietzsche implied, was the gradual victory of Apollonian man, with his desire for control over nature and himself, over Dionysian man, who survives only in myth, poetry, music, and drama. Socrates and Plato had attacked the illusions of art as unreal, and had overturned the delicate cultural balance by valuing only man's critical, rational, and controlling consciousness while denigrating his vital life instincts as irrational and base. The result of this division is "Alexandrian man," the civilized and accomplished Greek citizen of the later ancient world, who is "equipped with the greatest forces of knowledge" but in whom the wellsprings of creativity have dried up. (Herman, 1997, pp. 95-96)

    Historical dictionary of quotations in cognitive science > Philosophy

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